Before commissioning into the Army Air Force, McNamara was a Cadet in the Golden Bear Battalion at U.C. He was a member of the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in his sophomore year, and earned a varsity letter in crew. in economics with minors in mathematics and philosophy. McNamara attended the University of California, Berkeley and graduated in 1937 with a B.A. He graduated from Piedmont High School in Piedmont, California in 1933, where he was president of the Rigma Lions boys club and earned the rank of Eagle Scout. His father's family was Irish and, in about 1850, following the Great Irish Famine, had emigrated to the U.S., first to Massachusetts and later to California. His father was Robert James McNamara, sales manager of a wholesale shoe company, and his mother was Clara Nell (Strange) McNamara. Robert McNamara was born in San Francisco, California. 5 Post-World Bank activities and assessments.3.1 Nuclear strategy and triad doctrine.In his later writings and interviews, he expressed regret for the decisions he made during the Vietnam War. After retiring, he served as a trustee of several organizations, including the California Institute of Technology and the Brookings Institution.
He served as President of the World Bank until 1981, shifting the focus of the World Bank from infrastructure and industrialization towards poverty reduction. He remains the longest serving Secretary of Defense, having remained in office over seven years. In 1968, he resigned as Secretary of Defense to become President of the World Bank. McNamara grew increasingly skeptical of the efficacy of committing American troops to Vietnam. In October 1966, he launched Project 100,000, the lowering of army IQ standards which allowed 354,000 additional men to be recruited, despite criticism that they were not suited to working in high stress or dangerous environments. McNamara and other US policymakers feared that the fall of South Vietnam to a Communist regime would lead to the fall of other governments in the region. After the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin incident, the number of US soldiers in Vietnam escalated dramatically. During the Kennedy administration, McNamara presided over a build-up of US soldiers in South Vietnam. McNamara consolidated intelligence and logistics functions of the Pentagon into two centralized agencies: the Defense Intelligence Agency and the Defense Supply Agency. Kennedy and McNamara instituted a Cold War defense strategy of flexible response, which anticipated the need for military responses short of massive retaliation.
McNamara became a close adviser to Kennedy and advocated the use of a blockade during the Cuban Missile Crisis. After briefly serving as Ford's president, McNamara accepted appointment as Secretary of Defense. These " Whiz Kids" helped reform Ford with modern planning, organization, and management control systems. After the war, Henry Ford II hired McNamara and a group of other Army Air Force veterans to work for Ford Motor Company. He was born in San Francisco, California, graduated from UC Berkeley and Harvard Business School and served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis. He played a major role in escalating the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War. Carib rehab barbados yellow pages.Robert Strange McNamara ( / ˈ m æ k n ə m ær ə/ J– July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth United States Secretary of Defense, serving from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F.
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